ASTANA, KAZAKHSTAN

Average Temperature

Years on Record: 109

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		1		-16		-16		-10		3		12		18		20		17		11		2		-7		-14

Average High Temperature

Years on Record: 89

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		7		-12		-11		-4		9		19		25		27		24		18		8		-2		-9.4

Average Low Temperature

Years on Record: 105

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		-3		-21		-21		-15		-2		5		11		13		11		5		-1		-11		-18

Highest Recorded Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		41.6		3.4		4.8		22.1		29.7		35.7		40.1		41.6		38.7		36.2		26.7		18.5		4.5

Lowest Recorded Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		-51.6		-51.6		-48.9		-38		-27.7		-10.8		-1.5		2.3		-2.2		-8.2		-25.3		-39.2		-43.5

Average Precipitation

Years on Record: 114

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mm		327		22		14		19		21		31		40		50		37		26		27		20		22

Average Number of Days With Sleet

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		8		1		0.4		1		0.4		---		---		---		---		0.2		1		2		2

Most Reported Precipitation in a Month

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mm		587		68		108		75		63		84		119		157		165		89		71		57		56

Least Reported Precipitation in a Month

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mm		113		---		---		---		---		0.6		0.6		4		1		0.9		3		1		0.7

Most Precipitation Reported in a Day

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mm		86		35		35		36		26		43		37		86		77		50		25		31		15

Average Number of Rainy Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		105		2		2		5		9		14		13		15		13		12		10		7		3

Average Number of Days With Thunderstorms

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		23		---		---		---		1		3		6		8		4		1		---		0.1		---

Average No. of Days With Freezing Rain

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		17		3		3		4		1		---		---		---		---		---		0.2		3		3

Average Number of Days With Snow

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		124		25		23		19		6		1		0.1		---		---		1		7		18		24

Average Snow Cover

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
cm		---		19		23		19		1		---		---		---		---		---		---		4		13

Deepest Snow Cover Reported

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
cm		154		78		120		154		144		12		---		---		---		8		18		42		43

Avg. No. of Days w/Snowfall Above 10in/25cm

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		44		11		11		6		1		0.3		---		---		---		---		0.3		3		11

Av. # of Days w/Snow Depth Above 0.4in/10mm

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		143		31		28		28		4		0.3		---		---		---		0.1		3		19		30

Average Relative Humidity

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
%		67		78		77		79		64		54		54		59		57		59		68		80		79

Heating Degree Days

Years on Record: 89

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		6042.9		1076.4		965.2		869.7		450		198.1		16.7		---		34.4		208.3		465		750		560.6

Cooling Degree Days

Years on Record: 89

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		43.1		---		---		---		---		---		---		43.1		---		---		---		---		---

Growing Degree Days

Years on Record: 89

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		860.6		---		---		---		---		60.3		233.3		301.4		223.9		41.7		---		---		---

Average Length of Day

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Hours		12.9		9.1		10.6		12.5		14.5		16.3		17.3		16.7		15.1		13.2		11.2		9.5		8.6

Average Number of Days With Fog

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		20		2		2		5		2		0.3		0.4		0.3		1		1		1		3		2

Average Number of Clear Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		38		3		4		5		4		3		3		1		3		4		3		3		2

Average Number of Cloudy Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		140		16		12		13		11		10		8		8		7		9		13		15		18

Average Number of Partly Cloudy Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		187		12		12		13		15		18		19		22		21		17		15		12		11

Average Number of Days With Smoke/Haze

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		1		---		---		---		---		---		---		0.3		0.2		0.1		0.1		---		---

Average Wind Speed

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
km/h		12.2		13.3		14		13.3		13.3		12.6		12.6		10.1		10.1		11.2		12.6		13.3		13.7

Average No. of Days With Blowing Dust/Sand

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		3		---		---		---		0.4		1		1		0.2		0.4		0.2		0.1		---		---

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		12.7		3.5		6.6		12.1		16.7		21.4		23.4		21.8		18.4		13.4		8		4.5		3

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		5.9		2.2		3.7		6		7.5		9.1		9.9		9.4		8		6.3		4.2		2.7		1.9

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		14.3		6.5		10.8		16.7		17.9		19.8		20.2		19.4		18.4		16		11.5		8.2		6

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		14.2		5.7		9.2		14.4		17.8		21.6		23		21.5		19		15.4		10.7		7.1		5.2

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		12.7		3.5		6.6		12.1		16.7		21.4		23.4		21.8		18.4		13.4		8		4.5		3

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		6.3		2.6		4.4		6.5		7.8		9.8		10.7		9.7		8.1		6.7		4.8		3.1		2.1

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		17		8.2		14.5		19.5		21.6		23.4		23.8		22.2		20.2		18.8		13.9		10.3		7.3

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		17.7		7.3		13		17.5		23.3		27		28.7		26.4		21.9		18.8		13.3		8.9		6.5

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		10		2.4		4.5		9		14		14.7		18.4		17.3		16.4		11.7		6.3		3.7		2.4

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		5.6		1.7		2.9		5.3		7.4		9		9.7		9.3		8		6		3.6		2.4		1.7

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		10.9		3.8		6.8		11.6		14.4		13.4		15.9		15.3		16.3		13.6		8.6		6.2		4.6

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		9.2		2.8		5.3		8.6		12.3		9.9		14.4		13.4		15.4		12.3		7.6		5.3		3.8